Stavudine (d4T): What It Is, How To Use It, And What To Watch Out For

If you’ve been prescribed stavudine, you probably know it’s an older HIV drug that belongs to the NRTI class. Its generic name is d4T, and it works by stopping the virus from copying itself. While newer drugs have taken the spotlight, stavudine is still used in some treatment plans, especially where cost is a concern.

First things first – dosage. Adults usually start with 30 mg twice a day, taken with food to reduce stomach upset. Your doctor might adjust the amount based on your weight, kidney function, and any other meds you’re on. Never change the dose on your own; even a small tweak can affect how well the virus is suppressed.

Common Side Effects – What You Might Feel

Stavudine can cause a handful of side effects that most people get used to, but a few can be serious. The most frequent ones are:

• Peripheral neuropathy – a tingling or burning feeling in the hands and feet.
• Nausea, vomiting, or loss of appetite.
• Fatigue and mild headache.

If you notice numbness, loss of balance, or a sudden sharp pain, call your doctor right away. Those could signal worsening nerve damage, which sometimes needs a switch to another drug.

Another concern is metabolic changes. Stavudine can raise your triglycerides and lower your cholesterol, boosting heart‑disease risk over time. Regular blood tests are a must, especially if you have a family history of cardiovascular problems.

Safety Tips and Monitoring

Stavudine isn’t a one‑size‑fits‑all solution. Your healthcare team will keep an eye on a few key things:

• Liver and kidney function: Blood work every 3‑6 months helps catch any organ stress early.
• Blood sugar: Some patients develop insulin resistance. Watch for increased thirst or frequent urination.
• Pregnancy: If you’re planning a baby, discuss alternatives. Stavudine is not the first choice for pregnant women because of potential birth defects.

Stick to the schedule, take the pill with a meal, and don’t skip doses. Skipping can let the virus rebound, which makes it harder to control later on.

Besides the medical side, lifestyle matters. A balanced diet rich in B‑complex vitamins can help nerve health. Gentle exercise – like walking or swimming – keeps circulation good and may ease peripheral symptoms.

Finally, if you’re on other meds, watch for interactions. Stavudine can boost the levels of some drugs (like didanosine) and lower others (such as certain protease inhibitors). Always tell your pharmacist about every prescription and supplement you’re taking.

Bottom line: stavudine can be an effective piece of an HIV regimen, but it needs careful monitoring and a proactive approach to side effects. Talk openly with your doctor, keep up with lab tests, and listen to your body. With the right plan, you’ll stay on track and keep the virus in check while minimizing unwanted surprises.